What is Periodontitis? (GumDisease)

Written By Jagadeesh C

Periodontitis

Periodontitis is a serious gum infection that damages the tissues and bone supporting your teeth.

It often begins as mild gum inflammation (gingivitis), which is reversible. However, when untreated, it progresses to periodontitis leading to bone loss, gum recession, and even tooth loss.

If you are experiencing symptoms like bleeding gums or bad breath, it may be time to consult a gum specialist near you.

Why Periodontitis is Common in India?

Due to lack of awareness and delayed dental visits, gum disease is one of the most common oral health problems.

Most patients ignore early signs until the condition becomes severe by making treatment more complex.

Symptoms of Periodontitis

Watch out for these early warning signs:

  • Bleeding gums while brushing

  • Swollen or red gums

  • Persistent bad breath

  • Loose teeth

  • Pain while chewing

  • Receding gums (teeth look longer)

  • Pus discharge near gums

  • Gaps forming between teeth

 Early detection can help prevent permanent damage.

 Causes of Gum Disease

The primary cause of periodontitis is plaque buildup due to poor oral hygiene.

Plaque is a bacterial layer that:

  • Hardens into tartar

  • Spreads below the gum line

  • Damages supporting tissues and bone

Without timely treatment, this leads to infection and tooth mobility.

Risk Factors You Should Know

You may be at higher risk if you have:

  • Smoking or tobacco habits

  • Diabetes

  • Hormonal changes (pregnancy, PCOS, etc.)

  • Poor nutrition

  • Dry mouth (due to medications)

  • Family history of gum disease

  • Autoimmune conditions

How is Periodontitis Diagnosed?

At our dental clinic, diagnosis includes:

  • Clinical examination of gums

  • Measuring gum pockets

  • Checking bleeding and inflammation

  • Dental X-rays to assess bone loss

Early diagnosis allows for simpler and more effective treatment.

Periodontitis Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the stage of the disease.

Non-Surgical Treatments

  • Scaling (Professional Cleaning)
    Removes plaque and tartar from teeth and gums.

  • Root Planing (Deep Cleaning)
    Smoothens root surfaces and removes infected tissue.

  • Laser Disinfection
    Eliminates bacteria from deep gum pockets.

Surgical Treatment (Advanced Cases)

Flap Surgery
Used when infection is severe. The gums are lifted to clean deep areas and reshape bone if needed.

This helps restore a healthy environment for your teeth.

How to Prevent Gum Disease

Preventing periodontitis is easier than treating it.

Follow these simple steps:

  • Brush twice daily with a soft brush

  • Floss or use interdental cleaners

  • Use an antibacterial mouthwash

  • Visit your dentist every 6 months

  • Avoid smoking and tobacco

Regular dental visits are key to long-term oral health.

When Should You See a Dentist?

If you notice:

  • Bleeding gums

  • Bad breath

  • Tooth sensitivity

  • Loose teeth

Don’t wait.

Early treatment can save your teeth and reduce treatment cost.

Final Thoughts

Periodontitis cannot always be reversed, but it can be controlled and managed effectively.

The sooner you act, the better the outcome.

Need Help After a Tooth Extraction?

If you have any concerns after your procedure or need guidance, feel free to reach out.

Jagadeesh C
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